The steering column is the unsung hero of your car’s control system, silently translating your hand movements into the direction you want to go. But when it starts to fail, your easy drive can quickly turn into a struggle.
Recognizing the signs of a failing steering column isn’t just about maintaining your car, it’s about keeping you and your passengers safe. Keep reading as we look at the most common symptoms indicating your steering column might be in trouble, and what you can expect if replacement becomes necessary.
How the Steering Column Works
Simply put, the steering column connects your steering wheel to the rest of your car’s steering system. When you turn the wheel, the column transfers that rotational force to the steering gear, which then moves the wheels.
At its core, the steering column consists of a long shaft that runs from behind the steering wheel down to the steering gear. This shaft is typically made up of two or more sections connected by universal joints, allowing it to collapse in the event of a frontal collision (for driver safety).
Modern steering columns also house additional components. The ignition switch is often located on the column, as are controls for turn signals, windshield wipers, and sometimes the gear selector in automatic vehicles. Many columns also incorporate a tilting or telescoping mechanism to adjust the steering wheel position for driver comfort.
The column works with the power steering system, which uses hydraulic or electric assistance to reduce the effort needed to turn the wheels, especially when the vehicle is stationary or moving slowly.
Top 7 Bad Steering Column Symptoms
A malfunctioning steering column can significantly impact your ability to control your vehicle, posing serious safety risks. Identifying problems early on very important. Here are some common indicators that your steering column may need attention.
1) Steering Wheel Not Centered
A properly functioning steering wheel should return to its centered position after completing a turn. This self-centering action is key part of your vehicle’s power steering system. However, if you notice that your steering wheel remains tilted or off-center when driving straight, it could indicate a problem with your steering column.
This issue might be minor at first, with the wheel slightly askew, but can worsen over time. An off-center steering wheel not only affects your driving comfort but can also lead to uneven tire wear and poor vehicle handling.
It’s important to note that this symptom could also be caused by alignment issues, so a thorough inspection is necessary to pinpoint the exact cause.
2) Unusual Noises While Steering
Do you hear strange sounds when turning your steering wheel? It’s fair to say that something’s not right. These noises can range from subtle clicks to more pronounced squeaks or clunks.
They often occur due to worn or damaged components within the steering column. The sounds might be more noticeable when making sharp turns or when the steering wheel is at its full lock position.
Initially, these noises might be intermittent and easy to overlook. However, as the underlying issue progresses, the sounds typically become louder and more frequent. Ignoring these auditory warnings can lead to more severe steering problems down the road.
3) Steering Wheel Tilt Malfunction
Most vehicles on today’s roads feature a tilt and/or telescopic steering wheel, allowing drivers to adjust the wheel’s angle and distance for optimal comfort and control. This feature relies on components within the steering column to function correctly.
If you notice that your steering wheel no longer stays in place after adjustment, or if it feels loose and wobbles while driving, you may have a steering column issue.
A malfunctioning tilt mechanism can make driving uncomfortable and potentially dangerous, as an unstable steering wheel can affect your ability to control the vehicle precisely. In some cases, the tilt function may become completely non-operational, locking the wheel in one position.
4) Hard to Turn Steering Wheel
Power steering is designed to make turning your vehicle’s wheels almost effortless, especially at low speeds or when stationary. If you find yourself struggling to turn the steering wheel, or if it feels unusually stiff and resistant, your steering column could be the source of the problem.
You may first notice the issue as a consistent “heaviness” in the steering, or it could be more noticeable when you first start your vehicle. In some cases, the difficulty might increase as you turn the wheel further from the center position.
While this symptom can also be caused by problems with the power steering system, such as low fluid levels or a failing pump, issues within the steering column itself can create similar effects.
5) Steering Wheel Vibration
If you notice your steering wheel vibrating or shaking, especially when driving at certain speeds or making turns, it could indicate a problem with your steering column. This vibration might feel like a subtle tremor or a more pronounced shaking, and it can vary in intensity depending on your speed or steering angle.
While wheel balance issues or tire problems are the most likely causes, steering column-related vibrations are also possible but often feel more pronounced in your hands and arms.
The vibration might be caused by worn bearings, loose components, or misalignment within the steering column assembly. In some cases, the vibration may be accompanied by unusual noises.
6) Warning Lights on the Dashboard
Modern vehicles are equipped with sophisticated sensors and computer systems that monitor various components, including the steering system. If your steering column develops a problem, it might trigger warning lights on your dashboard.
The most common indicator is the power steering warning light, which typically looks like a steering wheel symbol or the letters “EPS” (for Electric Power Steering).
However, issues with the steering column can also activate other warnings, such as the stability control or ABS lights, as these systems are interconnected. In some cases, you might see a general “Check Engine” light.
While these warning lights can be triggered by various issues, when combined with other steering-related symptoms, they often point to a problem with the steering column or associated components. One thing is clear though, never ignore these warning lights.
7) Contamination in the Steering System
Your vehicle’s steering system, including the steering column, operates in a harsh environment exposed to heat, moisture, and road debris. Over time, contaminants like dirt, dust, and worn metal particles can accumulate within the system. This buildup can cause increased friction within the steering column, leading to stiffness, unusual noises, or erratic steering behavior.
Regular maintenance, including periodic inspection and lubrication of steering components, can help prevent this issue. However, if contamination does occur, it may require a thorough cleaning or even replacement of affected parts.
Steering Column Replacement Cost
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The replacement cost of a steering column is anywhere from $800 to $1,200. The cost for the steering column part itself will only be about $100 if it is used or $400 to $500 if it is new. However, the labor is what will cost you the most money for replacing the steering column.
It will take more than a couple of hours for a mechanic to remove your old steering column and then replace it with the new one. For this reason, the labor will be anywhere from $300 to $600.
It all depends on the make and model of your vehicle and how complicated it is for the mechanic to access your steering column.
Common Causes of Steering Column Failure
Understanding what leads to steering column problems can help you prevent issues and recognize them early. Here are some of the most common causes of steering column failure:
Wear and Tear
Like all mechanical components, steering columns are subject to wear over time. The constant movement and stress placed on the column’s bearings, joints, and other internal parts can lead to slow deterioration.
This natural wear process can be accelerated by frequent driving, especially in challenging conditions like rough roads or racing events like autocross and HPDE track days.
Impact Damage
Accidents, even minor ones, can damage the steering column. A front-end collision can compress or bend the column, while side impacts can misalign it.
Sometimes, this damage isn’t immediately noticed but can lead to problems over time. Even hitting a large pothole or curb can potentially cause damage to the steering column or its associated components.
Lack of Maintenance
Neglecting routine checks and lubrication can lead to premature wear and failure of your steering column. Over time, lubricants can break down or become contaminated, leading to increased friction and potential damage to moving parts within the column.
Electrical Problems
While not an issue many decades ago, many modern steering columns incorporate various electrical components, including sensors and controls for features like adjustable steering. Electrical faults, short circuits, or wiring issues can lead to malfunctions in these systems, affecting the overall performance of the steering column.
Manufacturing Defects
Though uncommon, some steering column failures can be traced back to manufacturing defects. These issues might not make themselves known until the vehicle has been in use for some time.
In cases of widespread defects, manufacturers typically issue recalls to address the problem where the steering column will be repaired or replaced at no charge through your local dealership.
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My steering column (and wheel) jiggle about a 1/4 to a 1/2 in at 2 and 8 o’clock when my car is in park. I notice a little bit of play in the wheel when driving but not much at all. I just noticed two days ago. What could cause this loosening of my column? It’s a 2003 Chevy cavalier. Never had many problems out of her but she’s starting to get pretty old.
It’s pretty normal to have a little slop in the steering, especially as the car ages. There is often a bushing at some point between the steering wheel and the steering rack that helps dampen some of the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) from the road. You might be able to replace the bushing or dampener if the loosening feels like a problem.
If you think the looseness could be a bigger problem than just a worn bushing, it’d be a good idea to have a mechanic look at it just to be on the safe side.
I have 2018 Polo TSI , it was involved in an accident & was damaged on the driver side. My steering is hard when trying to turn & it makes noise when they turning on the right . Any ideas on what could be the problem?
No idea. If the car was in an accident it could be anything. Maybe a damaged steering rack, maybe a bent tie rod, maybe the power steering system is damaged. I would have the car inspected by a body shop or mechanic to see if they can find the problem.
I have a 2005 Buick rainier that was in an accident. The lady driving lasted it on its side very slowly. Hardly even a dent. She held on to the steering wheel and her rear tried to go out the passenger window. The steering wheel streets but you can move the entire column up and down. The town signals on the door mirrors don’t work and neither does the horn.
Any suggestions
I would have a professional look at the car to evaluate damage from the accident. After a crash, lots of little things can be slightly bent or damaged.
I was told I need to replace my steering column on a 2014 Corolla does anyone know how much I would be paying for this?
An average replacement cost is listed near the bottom of the article, but it’s best to get a few quotes in your area for a more specific estimate.
Hi. My daughter bought a used car from private seller. Noticed that the steering wheel is not centered and front right wheel feels like going to come off, but no visible wobble when driving next to her. Cost to replace steering column in 2005 Accord? AAMCO said they couldn’t fix it and had to go to someone who deals with this. Trying to prepare for worst case costs. Thank you!
You sure this is caused by the steering column? Sounds like it could be a bad ball joint, control arm bushing, wheel bearing, or tie rod. You’ll need to have someone take a look at it to know for sure.
Hi we’re looking at buying a 2009 Toyota corolla but when we dtove it there was a loud rattle in the steering column close to the steering wheel. It didn’t seem to affect the turning response. What would you think it could be and approx cost to fix. Thanks
I don’t know, the rattle would need to be diagnosed before you could get an accurate estimate.
How much would it be for a steering column for a 1989 cadillac seville
Can anyone give me an around estimate to replace the steering column in my 2009 Mercury Mariner? A dealership garage gave me an estimate of at least $2,500! Thank you
Dealerships are more expensive than independent shops. You would be looking at a price closer to $800-1200 at an independent shop, if I had to guess. Why are you replacing the steering column?
Should a steering wheel column need to be replaced on a car with only 30,000. Miles on it ? I mostly drive it back and forth to work and because my car is low, I practically stop to go over speed bumps. My dealer said I need to replace it and there’s no more warranty or recalls.
I don’t know. It’s possible there is a defect or improper installation from the factory. Your vehicle should be still be under warranty at 30,000 miles unless you’ve reached the time limit.
If you’re so low that you have to almost stop to go over speed bumps, that may have something to do with the problem. I would replace the steering column if the dealership technician says it’s necessary.
Yes I would like to know what it would cost to fix steering collum on my 92 chevy 1500 tvruck.
Should be under $1000, but a local mechanic should be able to give you an exact quote.
I was told that i need a new steering collum for my 2008 Nissan. I’m trying to purchase a used one with directions. Can you help me?
It would be wise to let a professional mechanic handle the purchase and installation of your new steering column.
1990 f150 tilt slips out of position